Diseñando eco-packaging

Las empresas fabricantes y envasadoras de productos deben considerar diversos criterios en el diseño de los envases y en la elección de los materiales: por una parte, satisfacer los requisitos de los productos envasados, dar respuesta a las demandas estéticas y funcionales de los consumidores y a la vez que intentan minimizar su impacto ambiental. Los diseñadores también formamos parte de esta elección, por lo que hemos de ser conscientes de la importancia que supone para nuestro entorno y para nosotros mismos el eco-packaging.

Cuesta un poco definir qué sería un eco-packaging. La línea parapoder catalogar un packaging como ecológico es muy difusa. Existen conceptos muy complejos como la reciclabilidad y la sostenibilidad que un buen eco-packaging debe cumplir.

Reciclabilidad

Últimamente y no sin motivo, se está cuestionando el uso de envases plásticos por su enorme presencia e impacto en el medio ambiente. El motivo principal de esto es la falta de concienciación a nivel mundial de la importancia de depositar los residuos en el lugar correcto para su tratamiento. A pesar de la mala reputación de los plásticos, su capacidad de reciclaje es muy alta. En este enlace podréis ver los diferentes plásticos, sus símbolos y su reciclabilidad del pástico.

Por lo tanto, uno de los aspectos más importantes de un eco-packaging es la reciclabilidad. Evidentemente, materiales como el papel, cartón o vidrio tienen un grado de recliclabilidad muy alto y un bajo impacto en el medio ambiente frente a envases plásticos y metales.

Sostenibilidad

Otro aspecto importante a tener en cuenta es la sostenibilidad. Este concepto está ligado con el anterior y engloba aspectos como: la obtención de las materias primas, el proceso de fabricación, el tratamiento y proceso de reciclado… Por ejemplo, para el reciclado de una etiqueta de papel hay que someterla a muchos procesos para la eliminación de tintas adhesivos, etc… Para ello se utilizan productos químicos muy contaminantes como cloros.

Se está trabajando mucho en el tema desde diferentes ámbitos e instituciones como Ecoembes o The Circular Lab que estudia la creación de envases sostenibles que reduzcan en todos los aspectos la huella ambiental. Los diseñadores de packaging junto con las empresas podemos aportar nuestra parte investigando y teniendo claras las características de envases y de los diferentes elementos que conforman un packaging.

26.387 comentarios en “Diseñando eco-packaging

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